Equipment for permanently waving hair



EQUIPMENT-FOR PERMANENTLY WAVING HAIR v Filed Jan. 5,-1942 2 Shets-Sheeti f INVENTOR- 'RALPH M KEELE Feb. 9, 1943. R. M. KE L: 2,310,295

EQUIPMENT FOR PERMANENTLY WAVING HAIR Filed Jan. 5, 1942 2 Sheets-Sheet2 INVENTOR. EA L PH M KEEL 5 Patented Feb. 9, 1943 mazes STATES @FFEQEEQUIPMENT F03. PERll/IANENTLY VV'AVING AIR Claims.

This invention relates to apparatus for permanently waving hair on thehuman head.

It is the principal object of my present invention to provide improvedand simplified apparatus for use in connection with steam methods ofpermanently waving human hair. The apparatus is of a type capable of usein connection with such methods and steaming apparatus such as disclosedin my copending application entitled Method and apparatus forpermanently waving hair, filed January 5, 1942, and bearing Serial No.425,632.

One form which the invention may assume is exemplified in the followingdescription and illustrated by way of example in the accompanyingdrawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a protector pad and clamp used inconnection with my apparatus.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the protector pad itself.

Fig. 3 is a plan View of the protector padwith the clamp thereon.

Fig. 4 is a view of the protector pad, showing the manner in which it iscut and folded.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of one type of clamp employed.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a second type of clamp employed.

Fig. 7 is a transverse sectional view, showing the manner in which thepad, clamp and jacket are mounted on the wrapped strand of hair.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a curler rod such as employed in myapparatus.

Fig. 9 is a longitudinal central section through the steam jacketforming a part of my apparatus, showing the curler rod mounted therein.

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the jacket, showing its construction.

Referring more particularly to the accompanying drawings, Hi indicates aprotector pad preferably formed from a sheet of highly absorbentmaterial such as filter paper or the like. This protector pad comprisesa scalp contacting portion H, which is rectangular in form and which isformed with a centrally located longitudinal slit or slot Ill. The hairhas been divided into flat strands, as in standard practice, and aprotector pad it is slipped on each strand by projecting the strandfiatwise through the slit l2 and positioning the portion H of the pad atthe base of the strand adjacent the scalp. Thereafter, a softeningsolution is applied to the hair.

The protector pad Hi is folded along lines It defining the sides of theportion It to form overlying side sections I? which, when the pad is inuse, are folded to overlie the scalp contacting portion H, asillustrated in Figs. 2, 3 and "I. The side sections H are in turn foldedalong longitudinal lines 53, which are parallel to the lines it, to formupstanding sections E9. The width of the overlying side sections ii issuch that the adjacent surfaces or faces of the upstanding sections !9are in close proximity, as illustrated, so as to be capable of clampingthe fiat strand of hair between them, as indicated in Fig. 13.

A protector pad clamp 20 is provided to clamp the two upstandingsections l9 together at the base thereof, which, of course, is at theirjunction with the overlying sections IT. This is so as to tightly clampthe strand of hair between the upstanding side sections 19 to preventscalp burn by pulling of the hair during the wrapping thereof. The clampshown in Figs. 3 and 5 is a twopart one, each part being identical andcomprising a pair of complemental legs 2| which are connected togetherby a spring ball 22 so that the legs normally are almost in contact witheach other, but capable of being yieldingly spread apart so that theymay be slipped endwise over the protector pad, as illustrated. Theinherent spring qualities of the bail 22 places it under tension whenthe clamps are slipped on the protector pad, as described, so as toeffect a tight clamping action, tightly clamping the strand of hairbetween the upstanding sections IQ of the protector pad. This preventsescape of any fluid through the proteeter pad to the scalp and acts toprevent scalp burn.

In Fig. 6 I have shown the protector clamp 2i! as being of one pieceonly. Its construction is substantially identical except in length toone of the sections of the protector pad clamp shown in Fig. 9. The formof the protector clamp shown in Fig. 12 is slipped on to the protectorpad in the same fashion as one of the sections of the protector clampshown in Fig. 3 and serves the same purpose as does the form of theprotector clamp shown in Fig. 3.

The fact that the protector pad Iii itself is formed of highly fiuidabsorbent material, such as filter paper or like materials, and thefurther fact of the clamping thereof, as just described, prevents anysteam condensate or drippage of any sort from reaching the scalp. Thisaction is aided by condensate absorbed by the pad during initialinjection, which absorption expands j the legs of the pad between theclamp and tightens the grip on the hair.

After the protector pad and the protector pad clamp are positioned asjust described, and as illustrated, the strand of hair is woundcroquignole fashion on a curler rod 23 as in standard practice. Thiswinding, of course, is eiIected from the outer ends of the strand ofhair, the end of the strand being held on the curler rod by the clip 24and after the hair is fully wound, the jacket 25 is positioned so as toenclose it.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 9 and 10, it will be seen that thejacket 25 is formed in two halves. That is to say, it is dividedtransversely into two sections which are complemental. The two sectionsare detachably connected by telescopic connection between them, asillustrated. The jacket 25 is cylindrical and hollow and preferablyformed of molded plastic or any other suitable material. At each end thejacket 25 is reduced somewhat in diameter and the bore adjacent each endis of a diameter to frictionally receive an end of the curler rod 23.

It will be noticed that at one side of the jacket it is formed with alongitudinal slot 25 which is of a width agreeing with the thickness ofthe two upstanding sections I9 of the protector pad, when a strand ofhair is interposed therebetween. so that it will frictionally engage thesides of these sections somewhat in the manner of the protector clamp21]. The length of the slot 26 agrees with the length of the upstandingsections [9 of the protector pad.

When the hair has been wound on the curler rod '23 and clamped thereonby the clip 24, the 1 curler rod with the wound hair thereon is nestedbetween the upper edges of the sections IQ of the protector pad l9. Thenone half of the jacket 25 is slipped endwise over the curler rod andhair thereon, the slot 26 allowing the upstanding sections I9 of theprotector pad to project into the jacket 25, the sides of the slot 26more or less tightly engaging the sides of the upstanding sections IQ ofthe protector pad to form a substantially tight joint therebetween.

When the half is properly mounted on the curler rod, the cylindrical endof the curler rod 23 will frictionally nest in the bore in the end ofthe half of the jacket 25. Then the other half of the jacket 25 issimilarly positioned and the jacket will be in condition for use. Itwill be noticed that the opposite ends of the jacket 25 are open so thatan instrument can be inserted therein to engage the end of the curlerrod to turn it and thereby place the hair on the curler rod under propertension. The frictional engagement between the cylindrical ends of thecurler rod and the bores in the ends of the jacket maintain the curlerrod in its set position.

It will be noticed that the jacket is formed with an intake port 2'! atthe side thereof opposite the slot 26. This is for the purpose ofpermitting steam to be injected into the jacket either from the nozzleof a portable steam generator or vaporizer such as disclosed in myco-pending application before identified or from conduits provided forthat purpose in steam type of machines heretofore used.

It will also be seen that there are two small outlet ports 23 formed inthe jacket so that steam may escape therefrom after it has circulatedthrough the wound hair.

In operation of the apparatus, the hair is divided into fiat strands, toeach of which is applied a protector pad as described. The clamps 20 arethen applied, as aforesaid, and then solution is applied to the hair andthe flat strands of hair are each wrapped on a curler rod 23. The clips24 are utilized to clamp the hair ends to the rods. A jacket 25 is thenmounted on each protector pad and curler rod so that the individuallywrapped strands are each enclosed by a jacket. The operator then causessteam to be injected into that jacket for a steaming period of from tento twent seconds, depending upon the type of hair. The steam, of course,will be at a waving temperature of approximately 212, which will besufiicient to effect the curl.

From the foregoing it is obvious that I have provided a very simpleapparatus which is very light and therefore not at all uncomfortable;and which may be used in connection with various steam types of hairwaving machines.

While I have disclosed the preferred form of my improved apparatus, itis to be understood that various changes may be made in its constructionby those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of theinvention as defined in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent is:

1. In an apparatus of the character described, a jacket comprising ahollow shell divided transversely into two sections, complemental meansat the adjacent ends of said sections for detachably connecting thesame, and a curler rod disposed centrally and longitudinally within thejacket and having ends adapted to be received in and be supported by theends of said jacket.

2. In an apparatus of the character described, a jacket comprising ahollow shell divided transversely into two sections, complemental meansat the adjacent ends of said sections for telescopically connecting thesame in a detachable manner, a curler rod to be disposed centrally andlongitudinally within the jacket, sockets in the ends of the jacket,said curler rod having cylindrical ends adapted to be frictionallynested within said sockets.

3. In an apparatus of the character described, a protector padcomprising a sheet of absorbent material formed to provide a fiat scalpcontacting section having a centrally located slit, an overlying sectionextending from each outer side edge of said scalp contacting section andoverlying the sarne and extending substantially to the center thereof,an upstanding section extending from the inner edge of each overlyingsection and in a direction away from the plane of the contactingsection, a jacket comprising a hollow shell divided transversely intotwo sections, complemental means at the adjacent ends of said sectionsfor detachably connecting the same, a curler rod adapted to be receivedin and supported by said jacket, each section of said jacket having aslot extending from its inner end toward but short of its outer end,said slots enabling the sections of the jacket to be projected towardeach other from each end of the protector pad With the upstandingsections of the protector pad entering the slots with the sides of theslots engaging the opposite sides of the upstanding sections.

4. In an apparatus of the character described, a protector padcomprising a sheet of absorbent material formed to provide a flat scalpcontacting section having a centrally located slit, an overlying sectionextending from each outer side edge of said scalp contacting section andoverlying the same and extending substantially to the center thereof, anupstanding section extending from the inner edge of each overlyingsection and in a direction away from the plane of the contactingsection, a clamping member having a pair of opposed legs spring urgedtoward each other to engage the opposite sides of the upstandingsections adjacent their junction with the overlying sections toyieldably urge the same toward each other, a jacket comprising a hollowshell divided transversely into two sections, coinplemental means at theadjacent ends of said sections for detachably connecting the same, acurler rod adapted to be received in and supported by said jacket, eachsection of said jacket having a slot extending from its inner end towardbut short of its outer end, said slots enabling the sections of thejacket to be projected toward each other from each end of the protectorpad with the upstanding sections of the protector pad entering the slotswith the sides of the slots engaging the opposite sides of theupstanding sections.

5. In an apparatus of the character described, a protector padcomprising a sheet of absorbent material formed to provide a flat scalpcontacting section having a centrally located slit, an overlying sectionextending from each outer side edge of said scalp contacting section andoverlying the same and extending substantially to the center thereof, anupstanding section extending from the inner edge of each overlyingsection and in a direction away from the plane of the contactingsection, a jacket comprising a hollow shell divided transversely intotwo sections, comrlemental telescopic means at the adjacent ends of saidsections for detachably connecting the same, said jacket having socketsin the ends thereof, a curler rod to be disposed within the jacket andhaving ends to be frictionally received in said sockets, each section ofsaid jacket having a slot extending from its inner end toward but shortof its outer end, said slots enabling the sections of the jacket to beprojected toward each other from each end of the protector pad and thecurler rod with the upstanding sections of the padentering the slots andthe curler rod entering the sockets with the sides of the slots engagingthe opposite sides of the upstanding sections.

RALPH M. KEELE.

